Assoc. Prof. Sabri Berkem Ökten
In Vitro Fertilization
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a process that involves the collection of eggs and sperm from a woman and man, respectively, and their fertilization in a laboratory. The resulting fertilized egg (zygote) is then allowed to grow for a few days in the laboratory before being transferred to the woman’s uterus.
Steps in IVF Treatment
Initial Consultation
When you apply for treatment with a desire to have a child, a detailed evaluation is first carried out. In fact, this stage is the most important step in creating a treatment plan tailored to you and increasing our chances of success.
During this stage, various information is obtained, such as your age, the duration of your regular sexual intercourse without conceiving a child, your previous pregnancy information (if any), menstrual cycle, any known illnesses or diseases in your family members, and the presence of infertility or premature menopause in your family. Additionally, if you have previously received infertility treatment, information such as the drugs you used, their dosages, and the treatment results will be important information to guide us in the treatment that we will begin.
During the initial consultation, a detailed gynecological examination and ultrasound evaluation will be performed. This will give us preliminary information about your egg reserve, myomas, polyps, and many other conditions that may pregnancy, and we will determine the path we will follow in treatment. Before treatment, we may also ask you to take some blood tests and a uterine film called a hysterosalpingography (HSG). Of course, since the inability to conceive can also be largely due to male factors, we also ask for a sperm analysis from your partner before treatment.
Treatment Begins
After your period, on the 2nd or 3rd day, you will be invited to our clinic to start the treatment plan that has been tailored to you. The treatment consists of daily self-administered injections that you can easily do on your own. The aim of this treatment is to develop as many eggs as possible of good quality at the same time. We closely monitor this development with ultrasound and necessary blood tests at regular intervals. Although the duration of this treatment process varies from person to person, it lasts about 8 to 12 days on average. Once the fluid-filled sacs called follicles, which contain the eggs, reach the desired size, we administer the last dose known as the ovulation trigger shot, and about 34-36 hours later, we proceed to the egg retrieval process.
Egg Retrieval
Egg retrieval is performed under anesthesia, with no pain nor discomfort. Typically, using a thin needle guided by ultrasound via the vaginal route, each enlarged and developed follicle is entered one by one, and the fluid inside, which contains the egg cell, is collected and removed. At this stage, the collected eggs are fertilized with sperm in the laboratory, and an embryo is obtained.
Embryo Transfer
Embryo transfer is the process of placing the healthy embryo in the woman’s uterus. This process is painless and does not require anesthesia.
If embryo transfer is performed a few days after egg retrieval, it is called fresh transfer.
Another method is to freeze healthy embryos and transfer the thawed embryo to the uterus at a later date after preparing the uterus/endometrium separately, and this is called frozen embryo transfer. The most suitable method for you is determined by your doctor and presented to you with detailed information.